16 Foods Not to Feed Your Dog

When it comes to your furry friend's diet, it's crucial to be aware of foods that can be harmful to them. Here's a list of 16 foods you should never feed your dog. Keep in mind that this is not an exhaustive list, and consulting your veterinarian for personalized advice is always recommended.

1. Chocolate

Chocolate contains theobromine, a stimulant that belongs to the same family as caffeine. Theobromine is toxic to dogs and can lead to various symptoms, including vomiting, diarrhea, increased heart rate, restlessness, tremors, and, in severe cases, it can cause seizures or even be fatal.

*Even a small amount of chocolate can be dangerous for dogs, and ingestion should be treated as an emergency. The severity of the reaction depends on the type and amount of chocolate consumed, as well as the size and breed of the dog. It's always better to err on the side of caution and avoid giving chocolate to dogs entirely.

2. Grapes and raisins

Grapes and raisins can be toxic to dogs, and ingestion can lead to severe health issues, including kidney failure. The exact substance in grapes and raisins that causes toxicity is not yet identified, and the reaction can vary among individual dogs. Some dogs may consume grapes or raisins without any apparent adverse effects, while others can experience severe reactions even with a small amount.

The symptoms of grape or raisin toxicity may include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, and increased thirst or urination. In severe cases, it can lead to kidney failure, which can be fatal.

If you suspect your dog has ingested grapes or raisins, it's essential to seek immediate veterinary attention, even if your dog is not showing any immediate symptoms.

3. Onions and garlic

Onions and garlic can be harmful to dogs. They contain substances called thiosulphate and disulphide, which can damage a dog's red blood cells and lead to a condition called hemolytic anemia. This type of anemia can result in a reduced ability of the blood to carry oxygen, leading to weakness, lethargy, pale gums, and, in severe cases, it can be life-threatening.

Onions, especially in higher amounts, are more toxic than garlic, but both should be avoided in a dog's diet. The toxic effects are cumulative, meaning that consuming small amounts over time or a large amount at once can lead to problems.

If you suspect your dog has ingested onions or garlic, or if you notice any signs of toxicity, such as lethargy, weakness, vomiting, diarrhea, or pale gums, it's crucial to seek veterinary attention immediately. The veterinarian may induce vomiting, administer activated charcoal to limit absorption, and provide supportive care based on the severity of the situation. Preventing access to foods containing onions and garlic is the best way to avoid these issues in the first place.

4. Avocado

Avocado can be harmful to dogs, primarily due to a substance called persin. Persin is found in varying concentrations in different parts of the avocado, including the pit, skin, and even the flesh. While the amount of persin is generally low in the flesh of ripe avocados, it's still recommended to avoid feeding avocados to dogs, especially in large quantities.

In some cases, ingestion of avocado can lead to mild gastrointestinal upset, including vomiting and diarrhea. However, some dogs may be more sensitive to persin and could experience more severe reactions.

Additionally, the large pit in the center of the avocado poses a choking hazard and could potentially cause an intestinal obstruction if ingested.

While small amounts of ripe avocado flesh may not cause immediate harm to all dogs, it's better to err on the side of caution and avoid feeding avocados to your pets.

5. Alcohol

Alcohol is toxic to dogs, and even small amounts can be harmful. Dogs are much more sensitive to alcohol than humans, and ingestion can lead to a range of adverse effects, including: Vomiting and diarrhea, Central nervous system depression, Difficulty breathing, Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), Acidosis, Death

If you suspect your dog has ingested alcohol or is showing signs of alcohol toxicity, seek immediate veterinary attention. Treatment may involve supportive care, monitoring, and, in severe cases, specific interventions to address the toxic effects of alcohol. Never intentionally give alcohol to your dog, as it can have serious consequences for their health and well-being.

6. Coffee and caffeine-containing products

Coffee and caffeine-containing products are bad for dogs. Caffeine is a stimulant that belongs to the methylxanthine class of chemicals, and it can have harmful effects on a dog's nervous system and cardiovascular system. Ingesting even small amounts of caffeine can lead to various symptoms of toxicity in dogs, including: Restlessness and hyperactivity, Increased heart rate, Tremors, Vomiting, Elevated blood pressure, Elevated body temperature, Seizures, Collapse

The severity of the symptoms depends on the amount of caffeine ingested and the size of the dog. Certain products, such as energy drinks, some medications, and chocolate, may contain caffeine as well.

If you suspect your dog has ingested caffeine or is showing signs of caffeine toxicity, seek immediate veterinary attention. Treatment may involve supportive care, such as inducing vomiting, administering activated charcoal to limit absorption, and managing symptoms.

7. Xylitol

Xylitol is extremely toxic to dogs and can cause rapid insulin release, leading to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). Ingesting even small amounts of xylitol can be dangerous and potentially fatal for dogs. Additionally, xylitol can cause other serious health issues in dogs, such as liver failure.

Xylitol is a sugar substitute commonly found in sugar-free gum, candy, baked goods, and some oral care products.

Symptoms of xylitol poisoning in dogs may include: Vomiting, Loss of coordination or difficulty walking, Weakness or lethargy, Tremors or, seizures, Coma

If you suspect your dog has ingested anything containing xylitol, it is a medical emergency, and you should seek immediate veterinary attention. Quick intervention is crucial to prevent severe and potentially life-threatening complications.

8. Bones

Feeding bones to dogs can be a controversial topic, and the safety of bones depends on various factors, including the type of bone, how it's prepared, and the individual dog's chewing habits.

Cooked bones: It's generally not recommended to give dogs cooked bones, especially those from poultry. Cooking makes bones brittle and more prone to splintering, which can lead to serious issues such as choking, gastrointestinal obstruction, or perforation.

Raw bones: Raw bones, especially larger ones, are often considered safer than cooked bones because they are less likely to splinter. However, they still pose some risks, including the potential for choking or causing gastrointestinal obstructions.

Weight-bearing bones: Large weight-bearing bones, such as the femur or hip bones of large animals, can be extremely hard and may cause dental fractures or wear on a dog's teeth.

Supervision: If you choose to give your dog a bone, always supervise the chewing session. This allows you to intervene if there are any issues and prevents your dog from consuming the bone too quickly or attempting to swallow large pieces.

Size of the bone: Ensure that the bone is an appropriate size for your dog. Avoid small bones or bones that can be easily swallowed whole.

Bone fragments: Some dogs may chew bones down to small fragments, which can still pose a choking hazard or risk of gastrointestinal obstruction.

9. Fatty foods

Fatty foods can be bad for dogs, and excessive consumption of high-fat foods can lead to various health issues. Some of the potential problems associated with feeding dogs a diet high in fat include:

Pancreatitis: High-fat diets are a common cause of pancreatitis in dogs. Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas and can lead to symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and, in severe cases, it can be life-threatening.

Obesity: Fatty foods are often calorie-dense, and overconsumption can contribute to weight gain and obesity in dogs. Obesity is associated with numerous health problems, including joint issues, diabetes, and a reduced lifespan.

Gastrointestinal upset: Excessive fat intake can lead to digestive upset, including vomiting and diarrhea.

High cholesterol: A diet high in fat can contribute to elevated cholesterol levels, which may have long-term implications for a dog's cardiovascular health.

If you want to provide treats or snacks for your dog, it's recommended to choose low-fat and dog-safe options. Always consult with your veterinarian about your dog's specific dietary needs and whether any adjustments are necessary based on their age, breed, weight, and overall health.

10. Dairy products

Dairy products can be problematic for some dogs because many dogs are lactose intolerant. Lactose is the sugar found in milk, and some dogs lack the enzyme lactase, which is needed to break down lactose in the digestive system. As a result, if lactose-intolerant dogs consume dairy products, they may experience gastrointestinal upset, including symptoms like diarrhea, gas, and abdominal discomfort.

Not all dogs are lactose intolerant, and some can tolerate small amounts of dairy without any issues. However, it's essential to be cautious and monitor your dog's reaction when introducing dairy into their diet.

Common dairy products include milk, cheese, yogurt, and ice cream. Among these, cheese and yogurt are often better tolerated by dogs, especially those labeled as low in lactose or lactose-free. These products may also provide some nutritional benefits, such as protein and calcium.

If you want to give your dog dairy as an occasional treat, consider offering small amounts of lactose-free options. Always monitor your dog for any signs of digestive upset and consult with your veterinarian if you have concerns or if your dog has a history of gastrointestinal sensitivity.

11. Macadamia nuts

Macadamia nuts are toxic to dogs and can cause adverse reactions when ingested. Even a small amount of macadamia nuts can lead to symptoms such as weakness, depression, vomiting, tremors, and hyperthermia (elevated body temperature) in dogs.

The exact cause of macadamia nut toxicity in dogs is not well understood, and there is no specific antidote. Therefore, it's crucial to prevent dogs from consuming macadamia nuts and products containing them.

To prevent accidental ingestion, keep all foods containing macadamia nuts, such as cookies or candies, out of reach of pets. Additionally, be cautious about sharing human snacks with your dog, as certain ingredients may be harmful to them. If you have any concerns about the safety of specific foods for your dog, it's always best to consult with your veterinarian.

12. High-salt foods

High-salt foods can be harmful to dogs, just as they can be for humans. While sodium is an essential mineral for bodily functions, excessive salt intake can lead to health problems in dogs. Dogs are not adapted to handle high levels of sodium, and excessive salt consumption can contribute to several issues:

Dehydration: Excess salt can lead to increased thirst and urination, potentially causing dehydration.

Electrolyte imbalances: Too much salt can disrupt the balance of electrolytes in a dog's body, leading to issues with the nervous system, muscles, and other vital functions.

High blood pressure: Excessive salt intake may contribute to elevated blood pressure in dogs, just as it can in humans.

Kidney damage: High salt levels can put strain on the kidneys and may contribute to kidney damage or exacerbate pre-existing kidney conditions.

Gastrointestinal upset: Consuming too much salt can lead to vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach discomfort in dogs.

13. Certain fruits with pits or seeds

Certain fruits with pits or seeds can be hazardous to dogs, and it's important to be cautious when offering these fruits to your pet. The pits or seeds of certain fruits can pose a choking hazard or, in some cases, contain substances that are toxic to dogs. Here are some fruits with pits or seeds that you should be cautious about:

Cherries: The pits of cherries contain cyanide, which is toxic to dogs. Additionally, cherry pits can pose a choking hazard.

Peaches and Plums: The pits of peaches and plums also contain cyanide and can cause digestive blockages if ingested.

Apricots: Apricot pits contain cyanide, and the fruit itself can be a choking hazard.

Apples: While the flesh of apples is generally safe for dogs, the seeds contain cyanide. However, the small number of seeds in an apple is usually not harmful in small quantities.

Avocado: The pit of an avocado is large and can pose a choking hazard. Additionally, avocado contains a substance called persin, which can be toxic to some animals.

Mango: The pit of a mango is large and fibrous, and if ingested, it can cause a blockage in the digestive tract.

14. Raw meat and eggs

Feeding raw meat and eggs to dogs is a topic that has both proponents and opponents. While some people advocate for a raw food diet for dogs, others express concerns about potential health risks. It's important to consider both sides and make an informed decision based on your dog's specific needs and health status.

Raw Meat:
Nutritional Benefits: Proponents of raw feeding argue that a diet consisting of raw meat, bones, and organs can provide essential nutrients and may promote a healthier coat, skin, and dental health.

Bacterial Contamination: Raw meat can be contaminated with bacteria such as Salmonella or E. coli, which may pose health risks not only to dogs but also to humans in the household. Dogs can carry these bacteria without showing signs of illness.

Digestive Risks: Bones in raw meat can pose a choking hazard or, in some cases, lead to gastrointestinal obstruction or perforation.

Raw Eggs:
Protein and Biotin: Eggs are a good source of protein and biotin, which can be beneficial for a dog's coat and skin health.

Risk of Salmonella: There is a risk of Salmonella contamination in raw eggs, which can cause illness in both dogs and humans.

15. Spices and seasonings

Spices and seasonings, in moderation, are generally safe for dogs, but there are some important considerations:

Avoid certain spices: Some spices, such as garlic and onion, are known to be toxic to dogs, even in small amounts. These spices can cause damage to a dog's red blood cells and lead to anemia. Therefore, it's crucial to avoid feeding foods seasoned with garlic or onion to dogs.

Limit salt: While small amounts of salt are necessary for a dog's diet, excessive salt intake can lead to health issues, including dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Therefore, it's best to avoid giving dogs highly salted or heavily seasoned foods.

Cayenne and other hot spices: Dogs may be sensitive to spicy foods, and certain hot spices, like cayenne pepper, can cause stomach upset or irritation.

Artificial sweeteners: Some artificial sweeteners, such as xylitol, which is often used in sugar-free products, can be toxic to dogs. Always check labels and avoid feeding dogs foods that contain harmful sweeteners.

16. Moldy or spoiled food

Moldy or spoiled food can be harmful to dogs, just as it can be for humans. Mold can produce mycotoxins, which are toxic substances that can have various adverse effects on a dog's health. Ingesting moldy or spoiled food can lead to symptoms such as: Vomiting, Diarrhea, Lethargy, Loss of appetite, Tremors, Seizures, Liver damage

It's important to be vigilant about the quality of the food you offer to your dog and to promptly discard any food that shows signs of spoilage, including mold growth. This applies to both commercial dog food and any human food that you may share with your dog.